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2025-26 regular season

Shot quality

Shot selection: how many points a player's shots are worth before anyone shoots them. Shot making: how many more (or fewer) he actually scores.

Reading it: +5 shot making means 5 more points per 100 shots than an average shooter would score on the same shots. +0.05 shot selection means each shot is worth 0.05 more points than the league's typical shot.

Lowest shot making

284 players with 300+ shots · league 1.09 points per shot
#PlayerShot makingMakingShot selectionSelectionPts per shotPPSExpectedxPPSShotsFGA
1Ben SarafG · BKN-26.71st+0.02867th0.851.12304
2Nikola JovicF · MIA-22.21st+0.00755th0.881.10314
3Andre DrummondC · NYK-20.51st+0.15297th1.041.24337
4Nae'Qwan TomlinF · CLE-19.21st+0.14696th1.041.24313
5Rob DillinghamG · CHI-19.02nd-0.00844th0.891.08412
6Herbert JonesF · NOP-18.82nd+0.02866th0.931.12479
7Ronald Holland IIF · DET-18.33rd+0.04777th0.961.14544
8Nolan TraoréG · BKN-18.23rd-0.02234th0.891.07479
9Sion JamesG · CHA-17.33rd+0.04274th0.961.13371
10Rayan RupertG-F · PHI-16.64th+0.00152nd0.931.09313
11Jamal SheadG · TOR-16.64th-0.02532nd0.901.07504
12Sidy CissokoG · POR-16.15th+0.04375th0.971.13334
13Ja MorantG · POR-15.96th-0.05016th0.881.04322
14Danny WolfF-C · BKN-15.86th+0.03068th0.961.12440
15Patrick WilliamsF · CHI-14.87th0.00050th0.941.09478
16Derik QueenC · NOP-14.67th+0.03269th0.981.12748
17Bilal CoulibalyG · WAS-14.58th+0.02464th0.971.12541
18Tre MannG · WAS-14.19th-0.0669th0.881.03303
19Drake PowellF · BKN-13.79th-0.00844th0.951.08358
20Isaac OkoroF-G · CHI-13.410th+0.12493rd1.081.21458
21Tari EasonF · HOU-13.110th+0.03168th0.991.12580
22Dru SmithG · MIA-13.011th-0.01340th0.951.08325
23Jeremiah FearsG · NOP-12.911th+0.00554th0.971.101008
24Gradey DickG · LAC-12.311th+0.01962nd0.991.11383
25Alex CarusoG · OKC-12.311th+0.05279th1.021.14301
26De'Anthony MeltonG · GSW-12.112th-0.02135th0.951.07529
27Walter Clayton Jr.G · MEM-11.812th-0.04319th0.931.05461
28Ryan DunnF · PHX-10.613th+0.07586th1.061.17362
29Guerschon YabuseleF · CHI-10.413th+0.03572nd1.021.13312
30Jalen GreenG · PHX-10.413th-0.00546th0.981.09512
31Dennis SchroderG · CHA-10.314th-0.05812th0.931.03629
32Brandon WilliamsG · GSW-10.214th+0.01459th1.001.10616
33Cody WilliamsF · MIN-10.115th-0.00150th0.991.09509
34Jordan PooleG · NOP-10.015th-0.03226th0.961.06444
35Cason WallaceG · OKC-9.915th+0.04475th1.041.13584
36Paolo BancheroF · ORL-9.816th-0.00248th0.991.091152
37Noah ClowneyF · BKN-9.616th+0.00152nd1.001.09631
38Jonathan KumingaF · MIN-9.516th+0.02866th1.021.12338
39Jordan GoodwinG · PHX-9.517th+0.02967th1.031.12556
40Dominick BarlowF · PHI-9.317th+0.12794th1.121.22401
41Bennedict MathurinG-F · NOP-9.317th-0.02730th0.971.06676
42Anthony BlackG · ORL-9.218th+0.01961st1.021.11773
43Daniss JenkinsG · DET-9.118th-0.05812th0.941.03567
44Caleb LoveG · PHI-9.019th-0.03623rd0.971.06490
45Dyson DanielsG · ATL-8.719th+0.05982nd1.061.15777
46P.J. WashingtonF · DAL-8.320th+0.00856th1.021.10657
47Bam AdebayoC-F · MIA-8.220th-0.01439th0.991.081145
48Draymond GreenF · GSW-8.220th+0.03168th1.041.12491
49Caris LeVertG · MIL-7.821st-0.02929th0.981.06392
50Stephon CastleG · SAS-7.821st+0.02464th1.041.12816
51Ausar ThompsonG-F · DET-7.821st+0.05178th1.061.14575
52Luguentz DortG · ATL-7.721st-0.00447th1.011.09521
53Scoot HendersonG · POR-7.722nd-0.01242nd1.001.08342
54Marcus SmartG · HOU-7.622nd-0.02234th0.991.07476
55De'Andre HunterF · SAC-7.523rd-0.03821st0.981.05502
56Ziaire WilliamsG-F · LAL-7.423rd+0.03470th1.051.13432
57Nique CliffordG · SAC-7.323rd-0.05313th0.961.04596
58Cam ThomasG · MIL-7.224th-0.0833rd0.941.01459
59Jake LaRaviaF · LAL-7.024th+0.04676th1.071.14523
60Deni AvdijaF · POR-6.924th+0.01861st1.041.111066
61Aaron WigginsG · ATL-6.825th+0.01760th1.041.11536
62Shaedon SharpeG · POR-6.226th-0.00746th1.021.08868
63VJ EdgecombeG · PHI-6.226th-0.00844th1.021.081029
64Bruce BrownG · NYK-6.126th+0.02766th1.061.12523
65Matas BuzelisF · CHI-5.926th+0.07385th1.111.16963
66Keegan MurrayF · SAC-5.727th-0.0911st0.941.00300
67Jalen WilliamsG-F · OKC-5.727th-0.01439th1.021.08446
68Justin ChampagnieF · WAS-5.628th+0.08488th1.121.18462
69Kentavious Caldwell-PopeG · PHI-5.628th-0.0659th0.971.03366
70Saddiq BeyF · NOP-5.528th+0.02363rd1.061.11966
71Zaccharie RisacherF · DAL-5.528th+0.05380th1.091.14537
72Russell WestbrookG · SAC-5.329th-0.03226th1.011.06839
73Anthony DavisF-C · WAS-5.329th+0.00454th1.041.10334
74Josh GiddeyG · CHI-5.329th+0.00151st1.041.09717
75Terance MannG · BKN-5.330th+0.02464th1.061.12369
76Donovan ClinganC · POR-5.130th+0.12393rd1.161.21684
77Will RileyF · WAS-5.130th-0.03722nd1.001.05618
78Taylor HendricksF · MEM-4.831st+0.05380th1.101.14355
79Kevin Porter Jr.G · MIL-4.831st-0.02433rd1.021.07514
80Quentin GrimesG · LAL-4.831st+0.02565th1.071.12755
81Karl-Anthony TownsC · NYK-4.732nd+0.06784th1.111.161032
82Quenton JacksonG · IND-4.532nd+0.02162nd1.071.11328
83Jarace WalkerF · IND-4.532nd-0.02730th1.021.06733
84Alexandre SarrC · WAS-4.332nd-0.00943rd1.041.08656
85Cooper FlaggF · DAL-4.233rd-0.05314th1.001.041194
86Collin Murray-BoylesF · TOR-4.133rd+0.15797th1.211.25342
87Derrick WhiteG · BOS-4.134th-0.0746th0.981.021109
88Miles BridgesF · PHX-4.134th+0.00957th1.061.101041
89Ben SheppardG · IND-4.034th+0.03470th1.091.13387
90Julius RandleF · BKN-4.034th+0.00151st1.051.091208
91Kevin HuerterG · DET-3.935th+0.01961st1.071.11596
92Pat SpencerG · PHX-3.935th-0.06111th0.991.03436
93Ousmane DiengF · MIL-3.935th-0.05016th1.001.04398
94Dylan HarperG · SAS-3.636th+0.04777th1.101.14656
95Ryan NembhardG · CHA-3.436th-0.1031st0.950.99390
96Precious AchiuwaF · SAC-3.137th+0.04375th1.101.13597
97Christian BraunG · DEN-2.838th+0.08689th1.151.18389
98Amen ThompsonG-F · HOU-2.838th+0.02867th1.091.121044
99Aaron NesmithG-F · IND-2.838th-0.03027th1.031.06512
100Jaylen WellsF · MEM-2.738th-0.01738th1.051.07698

Percentiles are among all players with 200+ shots. Tap a player for his shot chart in the Quality view.

How this works

The method

Every shot gets an expected make chance from a logistic regression fit on 219,152 2025-26 regular-season shots. It uses only what the play-by-play records: distance (2 ft steps), two or three, corner three, paint or midrange, shot type (layup or dunk, jumper, floater or hook), fourth quarter or overtime, the last 24 seconds of a period, and home or away.

Expected points = make chance x 2 or 3. Shot selection is a player's expected points per shot minus the league's (1.091). Shot making is actual minus expected points, per 100 shots. Players need 200+ shots to be ranked. Free throws are not included.

The test

  • Fit on 175,364 shots, tested on 43,788 shots from 246 games it never saw (a random 20% of games).
  • AUC 0.644 (0.5 is a coin flip, 1.0 is perfect). A zone-only average scores 0.632.
  • Log loss 0.653 vs 0.659 for zone only and 0.692 for one league-wide FG% (lower is better). Brier score 0.231.
  • Test games: league FG% 47.3%, mean predicted 47.0%.
  • All shots: 239,129 actual points from field goals vs 239,153 expected (+0.01%).
30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%Group 1: predicted 32.7%, actual 32.2% (4071 shots)Group 2: predicted 35.0%, actual 35.9% (3336 shots)Group 3: predicted 35.9%, actual 37.3% (3123 shots)Group 4: predicted 37.6%, actual 38.1% (6971 shots)Group 5: predicted 40.8%, actual 41.9% (4391 shots)Group 6: predicted 43.4%, actual 43.6% (4375 shots)Group 7: predicted 45.6%, actual 45.2% (4251 shots)Group 8: predicted 56.7%, actual 55.7% (4334 shots)Group 9: predicted 65.4%, actual 65.1% (4029 shots)Group 10: predicted 73.7%, actual 75.1% (4907 shots)Predicted make chanceActual make rate
Test shots split into ten groups by predicted chance. Dots on the dashed diagonal mean the predictions match reality.

What it cannot see

  • How close the nearest defender was. A wide-open three and a contested one look the same.
  • Play type (catch and shoot, pull-up, post-up, putback) and the shot clock.
  • Who the shooter is. That is on purpose: the gap between actual and expected is the shot making.
  • Fouls and and-ones, so drawing contact is not credited here.
  • Playoff defense: on 2025-26 playoff shots it predicted about 4.5% more points than were scored.

Shot making is noisy: over 300 shots, luck alone moves it by about 6 points per 100 either way.